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+#+TITLE: Emacs Configuration for Alan Pearce
+#+OPTIONS: ^:nil
+#+PROPERTY: results silent
+#+PROPERTY: eval no-export
+#+PROPERTY: header-args :comments link
+* Introduction
+This is a living document, detailing my Emacs configuration using org-mode
+* Basics
+** Startup
+Open Emacs with just a plain window.  No graphics or messages, please!
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(put 'inhibit-startup-echo-area-message 'saved-value
+     (setq inhibit-startup-echo-area-message (user-login-name)))
+(setq inhibit-startup-screen t)
+(setq gc-cons-threshold 100000000)
+(defvar file-name-handler-alist-backup file-name-handler-alist)
+(setq file-name-handler-alist nil)
+(remove-hook 'find-file-hooks #'vc-refresh-state)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Scratch buffers
+I usually use scratch buffers for any sort of text.  If I need a
+programming mode in one, then I’ll just call it manually.  I also like
+the buffer to be empty.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq initial-scratch-message ""
+      initial-major-mode 'text-mode)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Personal Information
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq user-mail-address "alan@alanpearce.co.uk"
+      user-full-name "Alan Pearce")
+#+end_src
+
+* Packaging
+
+** Use-package
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(eval-and-compile
+  (setq tls-checktrust t
+        gnutls-verify-error t
+        package-archives '(("gnu" . "https://elpa.gnu.org/packages/")
+                           ("melpa-stable" . "https://stable.melpa.org/packages/")
+                           ("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/"))
+        package-user-dir (concat "~/.emacs.d/packages/" emacs-version "/elpa")
+        package-pinned-packages '(("use-package" . melpa-stable)
+                                  ("diminish" . melpa-stable)
+                                  ("bind-key" . melpa-stable))
+        package-archive-priorities '(("melpa-stable" . 10)
+                                     ("gnu" . 10)
+                                     ("marmalade" . 5)
+                                     ("melpa" . 0))
+        package-menu-async t
+        package-menu-hide-low-priority t)
+  (package-initialize)
+  (unless (package-installed-p 'use-package)
+    (package-refresh-contents)
+    (package-install 'use-package)))
+(eval-when-compile (require 'use-package))
+(unless (featurep 'use-package)
+  (require 'diminish)
+  (require 'bind-key)
+  (use-package use-package
+    :commands (use-package-autoload-keymap)
+    :defer 5))
+(setq use-package-verbose t
+      use-package-always-ensure t
+      package-enable-at-startup nil)
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Customize
+I don’t really like using customize for normal configuration.
+Instead, I use it for things that get saved automatically.  That’s why
+I use a different file, which is ignored by the VCS.  It also means
+that it’s not important whether the file exists or not, which is why I
+pass =:noerror= to =load=
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq custom-file "~/.emacs.d/custom.el")
+(load custom-file :noerror :nomessage)
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Styles
+
+I prefer an always-visible cursor.  Feels less distracting.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(when (fboundp #'blink-cursor-mode)
+  (blink-cursor-mode -1))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Disable all the bars, unless on OSX, in which case, keep the menu bar.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(when (and menu-bar-mode (not (eq window-system 'ns)))
+  (menu-bar-mode -1))
+(with-eval-after-load 'scroll-bar
+  (set-scroll-bar-mode nil))
+(with-eval-after-load 'tooltip
+  (tooltip-mode -1))
+(with-eval-after-load 'tool-bar
+  (tool-bar-mode -1))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Ring the bell sometimes, but not so often
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq ring-bell-function
+      (lambda ()
+        (unless (memq this-command
+                      '(isearch-abort abort-recursive-edit exit-minibuffer keyboard-quit undo-tree-undo))
+          (ding))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package dash)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Colours
+
+Let’s try a more minimal theme.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package minimal-theme
+  :disabled t
+  :config (progn
+            (load-theme 'minimal-light t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Let’s try a basic theme.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package basic-theme
+  :if (display-graphic-p)
+  :config (progn
+            (load-theme 'basic t)
+
+            (set-face-background 'mode-line "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-background 'border "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-foreground 'border "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-background 'vertical-border "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-foreground 'vertical-border "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-background 'window-divider "#a1b56c")
+            (set-face-foreground 'window-divider "#a1b56c")
+
+            (defvar mode-line-default-format mode-line-format)
+            (defvar mode-line-default-hidden nil
+              "Whether to hide the mode line by default")
+
+            (defun show-mode-line ()
+              (interactive)
+              (setq mode-line-format mode-line-default-format)
+              (when (called-interactively-p 'interactive)
+                (setq-default mode-line-format mode-line-default-format)
+                (setq mode-line-default-hidden nil)))
+            (defun hide-mode-line ()
+              (interactive)
+              (setq mode-line-format nil)
+              (when (called-interactively-p 'interactive)
+                (setq-default mode-line-format nil)
+                (setq mode-line-default-hidden t)))
+
+            (setq-default cursor-type '(bar . 1))
+            (setq-default cursor-in-non-selected-windows nil)
+
+            (defun hide-clutter ()
+              (interactive)
+              (fringe-mode '(0 . 4))
+              (hide-mode-line))
+
+            (defun show-clutter ()
+              (interactive)
+              (fringe-mode '(8 . 4))
+              (show-mode-line))
+            (hide-clutter)
+
+            (when mode-line-default-hidden
+              (call-interactively #'hide-mode-line))
+
+            (defun hide-mode-line-if-default-hidden ()
+              (if mode-line-default-hidden
+                  (hide-mode-line)
+                (show-mode-line)))
+
+            (add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(border-width . 0))
+            (add-to-list 'default-frame-alist '(internal-border-width . 0))
+            (when (eq window-system 'x)
+              (setq window-divider-default-bottom-width 1
+                    window-divider-default-right-width 1
+                    window-divider-default-places t)
+              (setq mode-line-default-hidden t)
+              (window-divider-mode +1))
+
+            (add-hook 'after-change-major-mode-hook #'hide-mode-line-if-default-hidden)
+
+            (add-hook 'minibuffer-setup-hook #'show-mode-line)
+            (add-hook 'minibuffer-exit-hook #'hide-mode-line)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Highlighting quasi-quoted expressions in lisps is quite useful, but I
+don't need it all the time.  I'll keep it around for a while so that I
+can enable it if needed.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package highlight-stages
+  :diminish highlight-stages-mode)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Fonts
+
+When possible, set up fonts.  I don’t have any settings here for X11,
+because I manage those in my [[file:~/projects/dotfiles/tag-xresources/xresources/main][XResources file]].
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(when (or (display-graphic-p)
+          (daemonp))
+
+  (defun use-variable-fonts ()
+    (interactive)
+    (variable-pitch-mode)
+    (setq cursor-type 'bar))
+
+  (defun ap/set-fonts (mono-face mono-font-size variable-face variable-font-size antialias)
+    (if (boundp 'ns-antialias-text)
+      (setq ns-antialias-text antialias))
+    (when mono-face
+      (let ((default-font (font-spec :family mono-face :size  mono-font-size)))
+        (add-to-list 'default-frame-alist `(font . ,(format "%s %s" mono-face mono-font-size)))
+        (set-face-font 'fixed-pitch default-font)
+        (set-frame-font default-font t t)))
+    (when variable-face
+      (set-face-font 'variable-pitch (font-spec :name variable-face :size variable-font-size))))
+
+  (defun ap/set-fonts-according-to-system ()
+    (interactive)
+    (cond
+     ((eq window-system 'w32)
+      (ap/set-fonts "Liberation Mono" 11 "Segoe UI" 11 t))
+     ((eq window-system 'ns)
+      (let ((displays (string-to-number (shell-command-to-string "system_profiler SPDisplaysDataType | grep \"Online: Yes\" | wc -l"))))
+        (if (eq displays 1)
+            (ap/set-fonts "Roboto Mono" 13 "Lucida Grande" 13 t)
+          (ap/set-fonts "Monaco" 10 "Lucida Grande" 12 nil))))
+     ((eq window-system 'x)
+      (set-fontset-font "fontset-default" 'unicode (font-spec :name "Terminus" :size 8))
+      (ap/set-fonts "Fixed" 8 "Lucida" 8 nil))))
+
+  (ap/set-fonts-according-to-system))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Reduce font decoration.  I’m trying to see whether this helps me focus
+on the right things.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq font-lock-maximum-decoration '((dired-mode . 1)
+                                     (t . 1)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Page Breaks
+
+By default, Emacs displays page breaks as ^L.  Lines look much nicer.
+On Windows, Emacs incorrectly detects that U+2500 (Box Drawings Light
+Horizontal) can only be displayed with a different font, which is not
+correct, at least for Liberation Mono.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package page-break-lines
+  :defer 5
+  :diminish page-break-lines-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (global-page-break-lines-mode)
+            (unless (eq (char-displayable-p ?─) (char-displayable-p ?a))
+              (set-fontset-font "fontset-default"
+                                (cons page-break-lines-char page-break-lines-char)
+                                (face-attribute 'default :family)))))
+#+END_SRC
+** Modeline
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(column-number-mode t)
+(size-indication-mode t)
+
+(setq frame-title-format '("%f" (dired-directory dired-directory)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Highlight Changes
+
+Highlight what just changed when I undo, yank, and so on.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package volatile-highlights
+  :diminish volatile-highlights-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (volatile-highlights-mode t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Beacon
+
+I was against the idea of having flashy animations inside Emacs, but
+this one is useful.  It highlights the cursor when scrolling or
+switching windows.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package beacon
+  :diminish beacon-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (beacon-mode +1)
+            (setq beacon-blink-delay 0.25
+                  beacon-blink-duration 0.25
+                  beacon-size 20
+                  beacon-color "#a1b56c")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Renaming major modes
+
+Diminishing major modes does not happen in the same manner as minor
+modes.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package cyphejor
+  :defer 2
+  :config (progn
+            (setq cyphejor-rules `(("emacs"       "ε")
+                                   ("diff"        "Δ")
+                                   ("js2"         "js")
+                                   ("magit-status" ,(char-to-string (-find #'char-displayable-p '(11942 5848 177))))
+                                   ("inferior"    "i" :prefix)
+                                   ("interaction" "i" :prefix)
+                                   ("interactive" "i" :prefix)
+                                   ("menu"        "▤" :postfix)
+                                   ("ledger"      "Ledger")
+                                   ("mode"        "")
+                                   ("shell"       "sh" :postfix)))
+            (cyphejor-mode 1)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+
+* Environment Variables
+
+MacOS doesn’t have a reasonable way to set environment variables and
+read them automatically any more.  So, let’s use the
+[[https://github.com/purcell/exec-path-from-shell][exec-path-from-shell]] package to set up ~exec-path~ and similar
+variables from whatever my shell configuration is.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package exec-path-from-shell
+  :if (eq system-type 'darwin)
+  :config (exec-path-from-shell-initialize))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Keybindings
+
+I think =set-keyboard-coding-system= stops OS X from doing something
+annoying to add accents.  The modifier setup is to match my
+re-arrangement of modifiers on OSX: Cmd on the outside, then
+Option/alt, then Control.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(when (eq system-type 'darwin)
+  (set-keyboard-coding-system nil)
+  (custom-set-variables
+   '(mac-option-modifier 'meta)
+   '(mac-right-option-modifier 'none)
+   '(mac-control-modifier 'control)
+   '(mac-right-control-modifier 'left)
+   '(mac-command-modifier 'super)
+   '(mac-right-command-modifier 'left)
+   '(mac-function-modifier 'hyper))
+  (unbind-key "s-x"))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(unbind-key "<f4>")
+(bind-key* "<f5>" #'compile)
+(bind-key* "<f6>" #'kmacro-start-macro-or-insert-counter)
+(bind-key* "<f7>" #'kmacro-end-or-call-macro)
+
+(bind-key* "<apps>" #'execute-extended-command)
+
+(unbind-key "C-z")
+(bind-key* "C-<tab>" #'other-window)
+
+(bind-key* "C-x C-r" #'revert-buffer)
+(bind-key* "C-x C-j" #'delete-indentation)
+(unbind-key "C-x C-c")
+
+(bind-key* "C-c i" #'insert-char)
+(bind-key* "M-/" #'hippie-expand)
+
+(unbind-key "s-h")
+(unbind-key "s-n")
+(unbind-key "s-p")
+(unbind-key "s-w")
+(bind-key* "s-k" #'kill-or-delete-this-buffer-dwim)
+
+(bind-key "C-M-a" #'backward-paragraph text-mode-map)
+(bind-key "C-M-e" #'forward-paragraph text-mode-map)
+
+(bind-key* "s-x" (define-prefix-command 'super-x-map))
+(bind-key* "s-," #'switch-to-dotfiles)
+(bind-key* "C-M-x" #'execute-extended-command)
+(set-register ?z `(file . ,(expand-file-name ".config/zsh/zshrc" "~")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Crux
+
+I can replace most of the simple helper/wrapper functions in my
+configuration with crux.el
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package crux
+  :bind (("M-o" . crux-smart-open-line-above)
+         ("C-o" . crux-smart-open-line)
+
+         ("C-x 4 t" . crux-transpose-windows)
+         ("C-c e" . crux-eval-and-replace)
+         ("C-c D" . crux-delete-file-and-buffer)
+         ("C-c R" . crux-rename-file-and-buffer))
+  :init (progn
+          (defalias 'delete-current-buffer-file #'crux-delete-file-and-buffer)
+          (defalias 'rename-current-buffer-file #'crux-rename-file-and-buffer)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Projects
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defvar work-project-directory "~/work")
+(defvar home-project-directory "~/projects")
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun switch-to-dotfiles ()
+  (interactive)
+  (projectile-switch-project-by-name (expand-file-name "~/dotfiles")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** The Silver Searcher
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ag
+  :defer 30
+  :config (setq ag-project-root-function #'projectile-project-root))
+
+(use-package wgrep-ag
+  :after ag)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Ripgrep
+
+Step over Silver Search, here comes a new challenger.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ripgrep
+  :if (executable-find "rg"))
+
+(use-package projectile-ripgrep
+  :after (ripgrep projectile)
+  :if (executable-find "rg")
+  :bind (("C-c p s r" . projectile-ripgrep)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Projectile
+
+Projectile is awesome for working in projects, especially VCS-backed
+ones.  I added a couple of functions to allow me to open new projects
+based upon some folder conventions I use.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package projectile
+  :bind (("s-p" . projectile-switch-project)
+         ("C-c C-f" . projectile-find-file)
+         ("s-x s-f" . projectile-find-file)
+         ("C-x g" . projectile-vc)
+         ("s-G"   . projectile-vc))
+  :demand t
+  :diminish projectile-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (projectile-global-mode)
+            (add-to-list 'projectile-globally-ignored-directories ".stversions")
+            (defun ap/subfolder-projects (dir)
+              (--map (file-relative-name it dir)
+                     (-filter (lambda (subdir)
+                                (--reduce-from (or acc (funcall it subdir)) nil
+                                               projectile-project-root-files-functions))
+                              (-filter #'file-directory-p (directory-files dir t "\\<")))))
+
+            (defun ap/open-subfolder-project (from-dir &optional arg)
+              (let ((project-dir (projectile-completing-read "Open project: "
+                                                             (ap/subfolder-projects from-dir))))
+                (projectile-switch-project-by-name (expand-file-name project-dir from-dir) arg)))
+
+            (defun yarn-install (&optional arg)
+              (interactive "P")
+              (projectile-with-default-dir (projectile-project-root)
+                (cmd-to-echo "yarn" "install")))
+
+            (defun yarn-add-dev (package)
+              (interactive "spackage: ")
+              (projectile-with-default-dir (projectile-project-root)
+                (cmd-to-echo "yarn" (concat "add --dev " package))))
+
+            (defun yarn-add (package)
+              (interactive "spackage: ")
+              (projectile-with-default-dir (projectile-project-root)
+                (cmd-to-echo "yarn" (concat "add " package))))
+
+            (defun ap/open-work-project (&optional arg)
+              (interactive "P")
+              (ap/open-subfolder-project work-project-directory arg))
+
+            (defun ap/open-home-project (&optional arg)
+              (interactive "P")
+              (ap/open-subfolder-project home-project-directory arg))
+
+            (setq projectile-switch-project-action #'projectile-commander
+                  projectile-completion-system 'ivy)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** vc
+
+This is nice for some things that magit doesn’t do, and for those rare
+occasions that I’m working with something other than git.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package vc
+  :defer t
+  :bind (("C-x v C" . vc-resolve-conflicts))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq vc-follow-symlinks t)
+            (setq vc-ignore-dir-regexp (format "\\(%s\\)\\|\\(%s\\)"
+                                               vc-ignore-dir-regexp
+                                               tramp-file-name-regexp))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** git-gutter-fringe
+
+It’s nice to be able to see at a glance which lines of a file have
+changed.  This package colours the fringe.  I have it set to the right
+fringe so it doesn’t interfere with flycheck.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package git-gutter-fringe
+  :defer 2
+  :diminish git-gutter-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (global-git-gutter-mode 1)
+            (set-face-foreground 'git-gutter:modified "grey")
+            (setq git-gutter-fr:side 'right-fringe)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** magit
+
+Magit is my favourite way to use git.  I use selective staging all the
+time.  Make sure to set it up with a nice =completing-read-function=
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package magit
+  :defer 5
+  :commands (magit-status)
+  :config (progn (setq magit-completing-read-function #'ivy-completing-read
+                       magit-popup-use-prefix-argument 'default
+                       magit-display-buffer-function #'magit-display-buffer-fullcolumn-most-v1
+                       global-magit-file-mode nil)
+                 (add-to-list 'magit-no-confirm 'safe-with-wip))
+  :init (add-hook 'magit-mode-hook #'magit-load-config-extensions))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** git-timemachine
+
+This package allow me to go through a file’s history with just a few
+keys.  It makes it very easy to figure what what exactly was in a file
+in the past.  I often find it useful when I remember writing something
+a particular way, but it changed later.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package git-timemachine
+  :commands git-timemachine)
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Files
+
+** Auto-saving
+
+Auto-save everything to a temporary directory, instead of cluttering
+the filesystem.  I don’t want emacs-specific lockfiles, either.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq auto-save-file-name-transforms `((".*" ,temporary-file-directory t))
+      create-lockfiles nil)
+#+END_SRC
+** Backups
+
+I like to keep my backups out of regular folders.  I tell emacs to use
+a subfolder of its configuration directory for that.  Also, use the
+trash for deleting on OS X.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(let ((backup-dir (expand-file-name "~/.emacs.d/backups/")))
+  (unless (file-directory-p backup-dir)
+    (make-directory backup-dir))
+  (setq backup-directory-alist `((".*" . ,backup-dir))
+        backup-by-copying-when-linked t
+        backup-by-copying-when-mismatch t))
+(if (eq system-type 'darwin)
+    (setq delete-by-moving-to-trash t)
+  (if (and (executable-find "trash") (not (fboundp #'system-move-file-to-trash)))
+      (defun system-move-file-to-trash (file)
+        (call-process (executable-find "trash")
+                      nil 0 nil
+                      file))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** autorevert
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package autorevert
+  :diminish auto-revert-mode
+  :init (progn
+          (global-auto-revert-mode 1)
+          (setq auto-revert-verbose nil
+                auto-revert-use-notify (not (eq system-type 'darwin)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Encoding
+
+UTF-8 is usually appropriate.  Note that =prefer-coding-system= expects
+only a coding system, not a coding system and line ending combination.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(prefer-coding-system 'utf-8)
+(setq-default buffer-file-coding-system 'utf-8-auto-unix)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Buffer-file management
+
+Ask if I want to create a directory when it doesn’t exist.  This is
+especially nice when starting new projects.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun my-create-non-existent-directory ()
+  (let ((parent-directory (file-name-directory buffer-file-name)))
+    (when (and (not (file-exists-p parent-directory))
+               (y-or-n-p (format "Directory `%s' does not exist!  Create it?" parent-directory)))
+      (make-directory parent-directory t))))
+(add-to-list 'find-file-not-found-functions #'my-create-non-existent-directory)
+#+END_SRC
+
+I often want to rename or delete the file that I’m currently visiting
+with a buffer.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun kill-or-delete-this-buffer-dwim (&optional arg)
+  "Kills current buffer.  With prefix arg, delete it."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (if (equal arg '(4))
+      (delete-current-buffer-file)
+    (if server-buffer-clients
+        (server-edit)
+      (let ((buf (buffer-name)))
+        (when (equal buf "*HTTP Response*")
+          (other-window 1))
+        (kill-buffer buf)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Whitespace Butler
+
+I don’t like it when editors change an entire file’s layout when I
+open it.  Whitespace butler fixes whitespace only for lines that I’m editing.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ws-butler
+  :if window-system
+  :diminish ws-butler-mode
+  :config (ws-butler-global-mode 1))
+(if (daemonp)
+    (add-hook 'before-make-frame-hook (lambda ()
+                                        (use-package ws-butler
+                                          :config (ws-butler-global-mode 1)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** shrink-whitespace
+
+DWIM whitespace removal.  So I don’t need =M-SPC=, =M-\= and =C-x o=
+for similar things any more.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package shrink-whitespace
+  :bind ("M-SPC" . shrink-whitespace))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Tramp
+
+Tramp is awesome.  It makes SSH feel Unix-y.  The proxy setup is so
+that I can sudo on remote machines
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package tramp
+  :defer 7
+  :config (progn
+            (unless (getenv "SSH_AUTH_SOCK")
+              (setenv "SSH_AUTH_SOCK" (format "/run/user/%s/ssh-agent" (user-uid))))
+            (setq tramp-default-method "ssh"
+                  tramp-default-user-alist '(("\\`su\\(do\\)?\\'" nil "root"))
+                  tramp-backup-directory-alist backup-directory-alist
+                  tramp-completion-reread-directory-timeout 60
+                  tramp-ssh-controlmaster-options nil
+                  backup-enable-predicate (lambda (name)
+                                            (and (normal-backup-enable-predicate name)
+                                                 (not (let ((method (file-remote-p name 'method)))
+                                                        (when (stringp method)
+                                                          (member method '("su" "sudo")))))))
+                  tramp-shell-prompt-pattern "\\(?:^\\|
\\)[^]#$%>\n]*#?[]#$%>❯›] *\\(\\[\\??[0-9;]*[a-zA-Z] *\\)*")
+            (add-to-list 'tramp-default-proxies-alist '(nil "\\`root\\'" (concat "/" tramp-default-method ":%h:")))
+            (add-to-list 'tramp-default-proxies-alist `(,(regexp-quote (system-name)) nil nil))
+            (add-to-list 'tramp-default-proxies-alist '("localhost" nil nil))))
+
+(use-package tramp-sh
+  :ensure nil
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (add-to-list 'tramp-remote-path "/usr/local/sbin")
+            (add-to-list 'tramp-remote-path "~/bin")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** ediff
+
+I like a horizonal diff setup, with everything in one frame.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ediff
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq ediff-split-window-function 'split-window-horizontally
+                  ediff-window-setup-function 'ediff-setup-windows-plain)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Indentation
+
+Ah, a complicated topic.  One day we’ll all be using elastic
+tabstops.  I’ve recently switched to using two spaces, since elastic
+tabstops is probably never going to happen.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq-default tab-width 2
+              indent-tabs-mode nil)
+#+END_SRC
+
+
+** smart-tabs-mode
+
+Not related to [[smart-tab][=smart-tab=]], this mode indents with tabs and aligns
+with spaces.  Perfect!
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package smart-tabs-mode
+  :defer 1
+  :config (progn
+            (smart-tabs-insinuate 'c 'cperl 'python)
+            (add-hook 'php-mode-hook (lambda ()
+                                       (smart-tabs-mode indent-tabs-mode)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** editorconfig
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package editorconfig
+  :config (editorconfig-mode 1))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** dtrt-indent-mode
+
+Sometimes people use different indentation settings.  [[https://github.com/jscheid/dtrt-indent][dtrt-indent]]
+guesses the correct settings for me.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package dtrt-indent
+  :config (progn
+            (defun ap/dtrt-adapt-if-needed ()
+              (unless editorconfig-mode
+                (dtrt-indent-adapt)))
+            (if (fboundp #'editorconfig-mode)
+                (add-hook 'after-change-major-mode-hook #'ap/dtrt-adapt-if-needed)
+              (add-hook 'after-change-major-mode-hook #'dtrt-indent-adapt))
+            (defadvice dtrt-indent-try-set-offset (after toggle-smart-tabs activate)
+              (smart-tabs-mode (or indent-tabs-mode -1)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Security
+
+** password-store
+
+This is a frontend to the GPG-powered =pass= program.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package password-store
+  :defer 15
+  :config (progn
+            (setq password-store-password-length 16)))
+#+END_SRC
+* Buffers
+
+** Ibuffer
+Ibuffer is quite nice for listing all buffers.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ibuffer
+  :bind (("C-x C-b" . ibuffer))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq ibuffer-saved-filter-groups
+                  (quote (("default"
+                           ("org" (mode . org-mode))
+                           ("emacs" (mode . emacs-lisp-mode))
+                           ("zsh" (filename . "/zsh"))
+                           ("server" (filename . "/su:root@server"))))))
+
+            ;; Human-readable base-2 size column
+            (define-ibuffer-column size-h
+              (:name "Size" :inline t)
+              (cond
+               ((> (buffer-size) 1024)
+                (format "%7.2fK" (/ (buffer-size) 1024.0)))
+               ((> (buffer-size) 1048576)
+                (format "%7.2fM" (/ (buffer-size) 1048576.0)))
+               (t
+                (format "%8d" (buffer-size)))))
+
+            (setq ibuffer-formats
+                  '((mark modified read-only " "
+                          (name 18 18 :left :elide)
+                          " "
+                          (size-h 9 -1 :right)
+                          " "
+                          (mode 16 16 :left :elide)
+                          " "
+                          filename-and-process)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Relative Buffer names
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package relative-buffers
+  :defer 15
+  :config (progn
+            (global-relative-buffers-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+** Narrowing
+
+Enable it without prompting
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(put 'narrow-to-defun  'disabled nil)
+(put 'narrow-to-page   'disabled nil)
+(put 'narrow-to-region 'disabled nil)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** ace-window
+
+I don’t often have many windows open at once, but when I do,
+=ace-window= is really nice to jump around them in the same way that
+=ace-jump= or =avy= work.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ace-window
+  :bind (("s-s" . ace-window))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq aw-dispatch-always t
+                  aw-dispatch-alist '((?k aw-delete-window " Ace - Delete Window")
+                                      (?K aw-delete-window)
+                                      (?m aw-swap-window " Ace - Swap Window")
+                                      (?f aw-flip-window)
+                                      (?v aw-split-window-vert " Ace - Split Vert Window")
+                                      (?b aw-split-window-horz " Ace - Split Horz Window")
+                                      (?m delete-other-windows " Ace - Maximize Window")
+                                      (?l delete-other-windows)
+                                      (?, winner-undo)
+                                      (?. winner-redo))
+                  aw-keys '(?a ?r ?s ?t ?n ?e ?i ?o))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Windows
+
+Scrolling is tricky.  I use this setup to help me keep track of the
+point whilst I’m moving about.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq scroll-conservatively 100
+      scroll-margin 1
+      scroll-preserve-screen-position t
+      mouse-wheel-scroll-amount '(1 ((shift) . 1) ((control)))
+      split-height-threshold 80
+      split-width-threshold 160
+      frame-resize-pixelwise nil)
+(if (boundp 'ns-pop-up-frames)
+    (setq ns-pop-up-frames nil))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** winner
+
+Undo, for window-based commands.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package winner
+  :config (setq winner-boring-buffers '("*Completions*" "*Help*" "*Apropos*" "*Buffer List*" "*info*" "*Compile-Log*"))
+  :init (progn
+          (winner-mode 1)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** windmove
+
+Directional window movement
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package windmove
+  :bind (("S-<left>"  . windmove-left)
+         ("S-<right>" . windmove-right)
+         ("S-<up>"    . windmove-up)
+         ("S-<down>"  . windmove-down)))
+#+END_SRC
+* Completion
+
+Make built-in completion a bit more intelligent, by adding substring
+and initial-based completion and ignoring case.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq completion-styles '(basic initials partial-completion substring)
+      completion-ignore-case t
+      tab-always-indent 'complete)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Company
+
+The main choices for automatic completion in Emacs are company and
+auto-complete-mode.  I’ve not tried auto-complete-mode as company
+seems to work perfectly well for me.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package company
+  :commands (company-mode)
+  :diminish "Cmpl"
+  :bind (("C-<tab>" . company-complete)
+         ("TAB" . company-indent-or-complete-common))
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'prog-mode-hook #'company-mode)
+          (setq company-backends '(company-bbdb company-web-html company-tern company-nxml company-css company-eclim company-semantic company-elisp
+                                                company-clang company-xcode company-cmake company-capf
+                                                company-files (company-gtags
+                                                               company-etags company-keywords) company-oddmuse)
+                company-frontends '(company-pseudo-tooltip-unless-just-one-frontend
+                                    company-preview-frontend
+                                    company-echo-metadata-frontend)
+                company-idle-delay .3
+                company-begin-commands '(self-insert-command)
+                company-auto-complete #'company-explicit-action-p
+                company-auto-complete-chars '(?\ ?\( ?\) ?.)
+                company-tooltip-align-annotations t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package company-web
+  :after company)
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package company-nixos-options
+  :if (eq system-type 'gnu/linux)
+  :config (progn
+            (add-to-list 'company-backends 'company-nixos-options)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Dates & Times
+
+** Calendar
+
+Weeks start on Monday for me and I prefer ISO-style dates.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package calendar
+  :defer 1
+  :config (progn
+            (setq calendar-week-start-day 1)
+            (calendar-set-date-style 'iso)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Sometimes I want to insert a date or time into a buffer.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun insert-date (prefix)
+  "Insert the current date.  With prefix-argument, use British format.  With
+     two prefix arguments, write out the day and month name."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((format (cond
+                 ((not prefix) "%Y-%m-%d")
+                 ((equal prefix '(4)) "%d/%m/%Y")
+                 ((equal prefix '(16)) "%A, %d %B %Y"))))
+    (insert (format-time-string format))))
+
+(defun insert-datetime (prefix)
+  "Insert the current date and time."
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((format (cond
+                 ((not prefix) "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+                 ((equal prefix '(4)) "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"))))
+    (insert (format-time-string format))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun yesterday-time ()
+  "Provide the date/time 24 hours before the time now in the format of current-time."
+  (timer-relative-time (current-time) -86400))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Directories
+
+Dired works quite nicely, but not always in the way I want.  I don’t
+like having so many prompts for recursive operations.  Also, when I
+have two dired windows open, assume that I’m going to be
+copying/moving files between them.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package dired
+  :defer 3
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (progn
+            (bind-key "<return>" #'dired-find-file dired-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "^" (lambda () (interactive) (find-alternate-file "..")) dired-mode-map)
+            (setq dired-dwim-target t
+                  dired-recursive-copies 'top
+                  dired-recursive-deletes 'top
+                  dired-listing-switches "-alh")
+            (when (and (eq system-type 'darwin) (executable-find "gls"))
+              (setq insert-directory-program (executable-find "gls")))
+            (put 'dired-find-alternate-file 'disabled nil)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Don’t show uninteresting files in dired listings.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun turn-on-dired-omit-mode ()
+  (interactive)
+  (dired-omit-mode 1))
+
+(use-package dired-x
+  :commands (dired-omit-mode
+             dired-expunge)
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (progn
+            (setq dired-omit-files "#\\|\\.$"
+                  dired-omit-verbose nil
+                  dired-find-subdir t
+                  dired-bind-jump nil))
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'dired-mode-hook #'turn-on-dired-omit-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package dired+
+  :defer 5
+  :config (progn
+            (diredp-toggle-find-file-reuse-dir 1)
+            (unbind-key "C-h C-m" dired-mode-map)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Expand subfolders like a tree inside the parent
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(with-eval-after-load 'dired
+  (use-package dired-subtree
+    :functions (dired-subtree--get-ov
+                dired-subtree-maybe-up)
+    :init (progn
+            (setq dired-subtree-use-backgrounds nil)
+            (defun dired-subtree-maybe-up ()
+              "Jump up one subtree or directory"
+              (interactive)
+              (let ((ov (dired-subtree--get-ov)))
+                (if ov
+                    (progn (goto-char (overlay-start ov))
+                           (dired-previous-line 1))
+                  (dired-up-directory))))
+            (bind-key "^" #'dired-subtree-maybe-up dired-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "i" #'dired-subtree-toggle dired-mode-map))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Dired-narrow
+One can already use dired with wildcards to browse a filtered
+directory listing, but it opens a new buffer.  Dired-narrow is a
+slightly nicer interface: with a currently-open dired buffer, use =/=
+to start filtering, =RET= to complete the filter and =g= to refresh
+the buffer, removing the filter.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(with-eval-after-load 'dired
+  (use-package dired-narrow
+    :bind (:map dired-mode-map
+                ("/" . dired-narrow))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Documentation
+
+** ehelp
+
+ehelp is a less well-known package that’s part of Emacs and slightly
+improves the normal help commands, mostly by making quitting them easier.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ehelp
+  :bind-keymap ("C-h" . ehelp-map))
+#+END_SRC
+** counsel-dash
+
+Emacs’ documentation is great to read from inside Emacs.  Counsel-dash
+helps to make documentation for other languages easier to access
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defmacro ap/create-counsel-dash-hook (mode docsets)
+  (let* ((mode-s (symbol-name mode))
+         (fun (intern (concat "counsel-dash-hook-" mode-s)))
+         (hook (intern (concat mode-s "-mode-hook"))))
+    `(progn
+       (defun ,fun ()
+         (when (require 'counsel-dash nil :noerror)
+           (-each (-difference ',docsets
+                               (helm-dash-installed-docsets))
+             #'counsel-dash-install-docset)
+           (setq-local counsel-dash-docsets ',docsets)))
+       (add-hook (quote ,hook) (function ,fun)))))
+
+(use-package counsel-dash
+  :defer 20
+  :defines counsel-dash-docsets
+  :config (progn
+            (setq counsel-dash-browser-func #'eww)
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook nginx ("Nginx"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook ansible ("Ansible"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook php ("PHP" "Symfony"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook twig ("Twig"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook js2 ("JavaScript" "NodeJS" "jQuery" "Express" "SailsJS" "Lo-Dash"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook markdown ("Markdown"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook saltstack ("SaltStack"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook clojure ("Clojure"))
+            (ap/create-counsel-dash-hook sql ("PostgreSQL" "MySQL"))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** discover-my-major
+
+A nicer way to browse keybindings for major modes.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package discover-my-major
+  :bind ("<f1>" . discover-my-major))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** which-key
+
+Popup keybindings following a prefix automatically.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package which-key
+  :diminish which-key-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (which-key-mode 1)
+            (which-key-setup-side-window-right-bottom)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** eldoc
+
+Documentation in the echo-area (where the minibuffer is displayed) is
+rather useful.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package eldoc
+  :commands (eldoc-mode)
+  :diminish eldoc-mode
+  :config (progn
+            (setq eldoc-idle-delay 0.1)
+            (eldoc-add-command 'paredit-backward-delete 'paredit-close-round)))
+#+END_SRC
+* Misc
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defvar *init-file*
+  (let ((init-file (or user-init-file
+                       (expand-file-name "init.el" user-emacs-directory))))
+    (expand-file-name "init.el"
+                      (file-name-directory (file-truename init-file))))
+  "Where the emacs init file really is, passing through symlinks.")
+(set-register ?e `(file . ,*init-file*))
+
+(defun ap/remove-extra-cr ()
+  "Remove extraneous CR codes from a file"
+  (interactive)
+  (save-excursion
+    (goto-char (point-min))
+    (while (search-forward "
+  " nil t)
+      (replace-match ""))))
+
+(use-package rect
+  :ensure nil
+  :init (defun copy-rectangle (start end)
+          "Copy the region-rectangle."
+          (interactive "r")
+          (setq killed-rectangle (extract-rectangle start end))))
+
+(defun shell-execute (to-current-buffer)
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((file-buffer (if (buffer-file-name)
+                         (file-name-nondirectory (buffer-file-name))
+                       ""))
+        (command (read-shell-command "Shell command: " nil nil nil)))
+    (shell-command (replace-regexp-in-string "%" file-buffer command) to-current-buffer)))
+
+(defun process-exit-code (program &rest args)
+  "Run PROGRAM with ARGS and return the exit code"
+  (apply 'call-process program nil nil nil args))
+
+(defun narrow-to-region-indirect (start end)
+  "Restrict editing in this buffer to the current region, indirectly."
+  (interactive "r")
+  (deactivate-mark)
+  (let ((buf (clone-indirect-buffer nil nil)))
+    (with-current-buffer buf
+      (narrow-to-region start end))
+    (switch-to-buffer buf)))
+
+(bind-key* "M-!" #'shell-execute)
+(bind-key* "C-x r M-w" #'copy-rectangle)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Auxillary Configuration
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(require 'pinentry)
+
+(defvar have-private-key
+  (file-exists-p (expand-file-name "secring.gpg" "~/.gnupg/")))
+
+(defvar gpg-agent-ssh-sock
+  (or (getenv "GPG_AGENT_INFO")
+      (concat "/run/user/" (number-to-string (user-uid)) "/gnupg/S.gpg-agent.ssh")))
+
+(defun read-gpg-file (file)
+  (let ((file-to-decrypt (expand-file-name file user-emacs-directory))
+	(ctx (epg-make-context epa-protocol)))
+    (if (file-exists-p file-to-decrypt)
+	(epg-decrypt-file ctx file-to-decrypt nil)
+      (message "Decrypting %s...failed" file-to-decrypt)
+      (error "File %s does not exist" file-to-decrypt))))
+
+(defun load-gpg (file)
+  (if have-private-key
+      (load file)
+    (message "WARNING: Couldn't load %s (No gpg key found)" file)))
+
+; load this in a post-frame hook because gpg-agent asks for a password on first
+; startup and caches it. Don't want emacs daemon to hang because of gpg-agent.
+(defun load-private-data ()
+  (interactive)
+  (if (not have-private-key)
+      (message "ERROR: Private GPG key not found")
+    (unless (or (getenv "GPG_AGENT_INFO")
+                (getenv "SSH_AUTH_SOCK"))
+      (start-process "gpg-agent" nil "gpg-agent" "--daemon")
+      (setenv "SSH_AUTH_SOCK" gpg-agent-ssh-sock))
+    (setq password-cache-expiry nil)
+    (unless (file-exists-p (concat pinentry--socket-dir "pinentry"))
+      (pinentry-start)
+      (add-hook 'kill-emacs-hook 'pinentry-stop))
+    (add-to-list 'load-suffixes ".el.gpg")
+    (load-gpg (expand-file-name "private" user-emacs-directory))))
+
+(defun first-frame-hook (frame)
+  (remove-hook 'after-make-frame-functions #'first-frame-hook)
+  (run-at-time nil nil 'load-private-data))
+
+(if (eq 1 (length (frame-list)))
+    (add-hook 'after-init-hook #'load-private-data)
+  (add-hook 'after-make-frame-functions #'first-frame-hook))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Minibuffer
+
+Sometimes I want to use the minibuffer, but I’m already inside it.
+Fortunately, this is possible.  Of course, I need to know how many
+minibuffers there are on the stack.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq enable-recursive-minibuffers t)
+(minibuffer-depth-indicate-mode t)
+#+END_SRC
+
+This avoids some issue with the minibuffer and the point being behind
+the prompt.  I don’t remember what exactly.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq minibuffer-prompt-properties '(read-only t point-entered minibuffer-avoid-prompt face minibuffer-prompt))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Occasionally, I exit emacs.  I should probably reduce the frequency of this.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(if (daemonp)
+    (defalias 'exit-emacs #'delete-frame)
+  (defalias 'exit-emacs #'save-buffers-kill-emacs))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** swiper/ivy
+
+Ivy is the new kid on the completion block.  It seems to be a strong
+replacement for helm so far.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package swiper
+  :bind (("C-s" . swiper)
+         ("C-r" . swiper)
+         ("C-x i" . ivy-imenu-goto)
+         ("C-=" . swiper))
+  :diminish ivy-mode
+  :demand t
+  :config (progn
+            (ivy-mode 1)
+            (setq ivy-re-builders-alist '((internal-complete-buffer . ivy--regex-fuzzy)
+                                          (t . ivy--regex-plus)))
+            (defun ivy-imenu-get-candidates-from (alist  &optional prefix)
+              (cl-loop for elm in alist
+                       nconc (if (imenu--subalist-p elm)
+                                 (ivy-imenu-get-candidates-from
+                                  (cl-loop for (e . v) in (cdr elm) collect
+                                           (cons e (if (integerp v) (copy-marker v) v)))
+                                  (concat prefix (if prefix ".") (car elm)))
+                               (and (cdr elm) ; bug in imenu, should not be needed.
+                                    (setcdr elm (copy-marker (cdr elm))) ; Same as [1].
+                                    (list (cons (concat prefix (if prefix ".") (car elm))
+                                                (copy-marker (cdr elm))))))))
+
+            (defun ivy-imenu-goto ()
+              "Go to buffer position"
+              (interactive)
+              (let ((imenu-auto-rescan t) items)
+                (unless (featurep 'imenu)
+                  (require 'imenu nil t))
+                (setq items (imenu--make-index-alist t))
+                (ivy-read "imenu items:"
+                          (ivy-imenu-get-candidates-from (delete (assoc "*Rescan*" items) items))
+                          :action (lambda (k) (goto-char k)))))
+            (ivy-set-actions 'ivy-switch-buffer '(("k" (lambda (x)
+                                                         (kill-buffer x)
+                                                         (ivy--reset-state ivy-last))
+                                                   "kill")))
+            (add-to-list 'ivy-initial-inputs-alist '(counsel-M-x . ""))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** counsel
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package counsel
+  :config (progn
+            (bind-key "M-x" #'counsel-M-x)
+            (bind-key "<apps>" #'counsel-M-x)
+            (bind-key "<menu>" #'counsel-M-x)
+            (bind-key "C-c M-x" #'execute-extended-command)
+            (bind-key "C-x C-f" #'counsel-find-file)
+            (bind-key "M-y" #'counsel-yank-pop)
+            (bind-key "M-y" #'ivy-next-line ivy-minibuffer-map)
+            (defadvice counsel-find-file (after find-file-sudo activate)
+              "Find file as root if necessary."
+              (when (and buffer-file-name
+                         (not (file-writable-p buffer-file-name)))
+                (message "File not writable %s" buffer-file-name)
+                (find-alternate-file (concat "/sudo::" buffer-file-name))))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+
+** smex
+
+Smex is my favourite way to use =M-x=.  Counsel’s =counsel-M-x=
+function uses it internally, so I’m keeping it around, even though I
+don’t use it directly.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package smex
+  :commands (smex
+             smex-update
+             smex-initialize)
+  :config (progn
+            (setq smex-key-advice-ignore-menu-bar t
+                  smex-auto-update nil)
+            (defun smex-update-after-load (_unused)
+              (if (boundp 'smex-cache)
+                  (smex-update)))
+            (add-hook 'after-load-functions 'smex-update-after-load))
+  :init (progn
+          (setq smex-history-length 100
+                smex-save-file (concat user-emacs-directory
+                                       "smex-items"))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** cmd-to-echo
+
+I’ve been looking for some way to run programming projects (mostly
+node.js) inside emacs.  =cmd-to-echo= seems great for this, as new
+output pops up in the echo area.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package cmd-to-echo
+  :commands (cmd-to-echo)
+  :config (setq cmd-to-echo-add-output-to-process-buffers t))
+#+END_SRC
+* Modes
+
+Setup some modes for systemd files
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.service\\'" . conf-mode))
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.target\\'" . conf-mode))
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.socket\\'" . conf-mode))
+#+END_SRC
+
+=direnv=’s files are basically shell scripts, it’s a nice way to
+set environment variables for projects.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.envrc\\'" . sh-mode))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Some modes that I don’t really customise much, mostly for
+configuration files.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package xrdb-mode
+  :ensure nil
+  :mode (("\\.Xdefaults\\'" . xrdb-mode)
+         ("\\.Xresources\\'" . xrdb-mode)))
+
+(use-package haskell-mode
+  :mode (("\\.hs\\'" . haskell-mode)))
+
+(use-package dockerfile-mode
+  :mode (("Dockerfile\\'" . dockerfile-mode)))
+
+(use-package nix-mode
+  :mode (("\\.nix\\'" . nix-mode)))
+
+(define-derived-mode xmonad-mode haskell-mode "XM")
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("xmobarrc\\'" . xmonad-mode))
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("xmonad.hs\\'" . xmonad-mode))
+
+(use-package nginx-mode
+  :defer t
+  :mode (("/nginx/servers/" . nginx-mode)
+         ("/nginx/.*\\.d/" . nginx-mode)))
+
+(use-package lua-mode
+  :defer t)
+
+(use-package ruby-mode
+  :mode (("\\.rb\\'" . ruby-mode)
+         ("\\.cap\\'" . ruby-mode)))
+
+(use-package go-mode
+  :mode (("\\.go\\'" . go-mode)))
+
+(use-package jinja2-mode
+  :mode (("\\.j2\\'" . jinja2-mode)
+         ("\\.jinja\\'" . jinja2-mode)))
+
+(use-package scss-mode
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq scss-compile-at-save nil)))
+
+(use-package yaml-mode
+  :mode (("/group_vars/.*" . yaml-mode)
+         ("/host_vars/.*" . yaml-mode)))
+
+(define-derived-mode ansible-mode yaml-mode "Ansible")
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\(?:ansible.+\\|roles/.+/\\(?:tasks\\|handlers\\)\\)/.+\\.yml\\'" . ansible-mode))
+
+(define-derived-mode saltstack-mode yaml-mode "Salt")
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.sls\\'" . saltstack-mode))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** ledger
+
+I use [[http://ledger-cli.org/][=ledger=]] to manage my finances.  It has an Emacs mode, which
+works really nicely.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ledger-mode
+  :mode ("\\.ledger\\'" . ledger-mode)
+  :init (progn
+          (defun open-budget ()
+            (interactive)
+            (projectile-switch-project-by-name "~/Sync/Default")
+            (find-file (expand-file-name "ledger/my.ledger" (projectile-project-root)))
+            (ledger-report "Budget (Cumulative)" nil)))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq ledger-use-iso-dates t
+                  ledger-post-use-completion-engine :built-in
+                  ledger-reconcile-default-commodity "€"
+                  ledger-clear-whole-transactions t
+                  ledger-narrow-on-reconcile t
+                  ledger-default-date-format "%Y-%m-%d"
+                  ledger-reports '(("Monthly Expenses" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) reg -M Expenses --real -l \"payee != 'Opening Balances'\"")
+                                   ("Expenses:This Month" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal \\^Expenses -p \"this month\"")
+                                   ("On-budget Balances" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal --current -R :Budget: Assets:Receivable Liabilities:Personal")
+                                   ("All Account Balances" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal --current -R \\^Assets \\^Liabilities")
+                                   ("Budget Values (Current Month)" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal -p \"this month\" --limit \"payee=~/budget/\" \\^Funds")
+                                   ("Budget (Cumulative)" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal -E \\^Funds \\^Assets:Budget$")
+                                   ("Budget Allocation" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal -p \"this month\" --limit \"payee=~/budget/\" \\^Funds --format \"\\
+                    %-17((depth_spacer)+(partial_account))\\
+                    %10(percent(market(display_total), market(parent.total)))\\
+                    %16(market(display_total))\n%/\"")
+                                   ("bal" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) bal")
+                                   ("reg" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) reg")
+                                   ("equity" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) equity")
+                                   ("payee" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) reg @%(payee)")
+                                   ("account" "ledger -f %(ledger-file) reg %(account)")))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Markdown
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package markdown-mode
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (add-hook 'markdown-mode-hook #'turn-on-auto-fill)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Org
+
+Org is wünderbar.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package org
+  :bind (("C-c C-a" . org-agenda-list)
+         ("C-c a" . org-agenda)
+         ("C-c l" . org-store-link))
+  :defer 8
+  :init (setq org-replace-disputed-keys t
+              org-ellipsis "…")
+  :config (progn
+            (setq org-directory "~/Sync/org"
+                  org-agenda-files `(,(concat org-directory "/agenda"))
+
+                  org-default-notes-file (concat org-directory "/notes")
+
+                  ;; ‘Remember’: new items at top
+                  org-reverse-note-order t
+
+                  org-modules '(org-protocol)
+
+                  ;; Add time done to ‘done’ tasks
+                  org-log-done 'time
+
+                  org-list-allow-alphabetical t
+
+                  org-adapt-indentation nil
+
+                  org-pretty-entities t
+
+                  org-table-duration-custom-format 'seconds
+
+                  org-src-fontify-natively nil
+
+                  org-export-have-math t
+
+                  org-blank-before-new-entry '((heading . t)
+                                               (plain-list-item . auto))
+                  org-fontify-done-headline t
+
+                  org-todo-keywords '((sequence "BACKLOG(b)" "TODO(t)" "WAIT(w@/!)" "STARTED(s!)" "|" "DONE(d!)")
+                                      (sequence "|" "CANCELLED(c@)"))
+                  org-log-into-drawer "LOGBOOK")
+            (set-register ?o `(file . ,(expand-file-name "organiser.org" org-directory)))
+            (add-hook 'org-mode-hook #'turn-on-auto-fill)
+            (org-load-modules-maybe t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** org-babel
+
+Org’s babel feature is really nice.  I use it for this file, and I can
+use it to communicate between programming languages.  Sometime I hope
+to have my =ledger= setup in an org file with some graph processing
+with R or something.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ob-core
+  :defer t
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (progn
+            (org-babel-do-load-languages 'org-babel-load-languages
+                                         '((ledger . t)
+                                           (sh . t)))
+            (setq org-src-tab-acts-natively t
+                  org-edit-src-content-indentation 0
+                  org-src-preserve-indentation t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** org-journal
+
+I can use this to keep a journal.  I should use it.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package org-journal
+  :bind ("s-j" . org-journal-new-entry)
+  :defer 20
+  :config (progn
+            (setq org-journal-date-format "%A, %d %B %Y")
+            (defun org-journal-display-entry-yesterday ()
+              "Show org-journal entry for yesterday"
+              (interactive)
+              (org-journal-read-or-display-entry (yesterday-time)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** org-mobile
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defun ap/org-mobile-pull (descriptor action file)
+  (org-mobile-pull))
+(use-package org-mobile
+  :defer 30
+  :ensure nil
+  :disabled t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq org-mobile-directory "~/Mobile/Org"
+                  org-mobile-inbox-for-pull "~/Mobile/Org/from-mobile.org")
+            (defvar org-mobile-push-timer nil
+              "Timer that `org-mobile-push-timer' used to reschedule itself, or nil.")
+
+            (defun org-mobile-push-with-delay (secs)
+              (when org-mobile-push-timer
+                (cancel-timer org-mobile-push-timer))
+              (setq org-mobile-push-timer
+                    (run-with-idle-timer
+                     (* 1 secs) nil 'org-mobile-push)))
+
+            (add-hook 'after-save-hook
+                      (lambda ()
+                        (when (eq major-mode 'org-mode)
+                          (dolist (file (org-mobile-files-alist))
+                            (if (string= (file-truename (expand-file-name (car file)))
+                                         (file-truename (buffer-file-name)))
+                                (org-mobile-push-with-delay 30))))))
+
+            (run-at-time "00:05" 86400 '(lambda () (org-mobile-push-with-delay 1))) ;; refreshes agenda file each day
+            (org-mobile-pull) ;; run org-mobile-pull at startup
+
+            (defvar org-mobile-watcher nil)
+            (when file-notify--library
+              (let ((org-file (expand-file-name
+                               (concat
+                                (file-name-as-directory org-mobile-directory)
+                                org-mobile-capture-file))))
+                (setq org-mobile-watcher
+                      (file-notify-add-watch org-file '(change) #'ap/org-mobile-pull))))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** org-caldav
+
+I’ve setup CalDAV on my server, it would be nice to use it directly
+from org-mode.  Previously I had to wait for org-mobile to sync and
+write to the Android calendar, and then for DAVDroid to sync with the server.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package org-caldav
+  :defer 30
+  :config (progn
+            (setq org-caldav-url "https://calendar.alanpearce.uk/alan"
+                  org-caldav-calendar-id "caldav"
+                  org-caldav-inbox (concat org-directory "/agenda/caldav.org")
+                  org-caldav-files `(,(concat org-directory "/agenda/organiser.org"))
+                  org-icalendar-timezone "Europe/Berlin"
+                  org-icalendar-use-scheduled '(event-if-todo event-if-not-todo todo-start)
+                  org-icalendar-use-deadline '(event-if-todo event-if-not-todo todo-due)
+                  org-icalendar-alarm-time 60)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** org-page
+
+I would like to convert my website from using hugo to something else
+that I can work with nicely from inside Emacs.  I wonder if org-page
+will do the trick.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package org-page
+  :config (progn
+            (setq op/site-domain "https://alanpearce.uk/"
+                  op/repository-directory "~/projects/alanpearce/"
+                  op/personal-github-link "https://github.com/alanpearce")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Music
+Emacs actually supports playing music via mpd.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package mpc
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq mpc-browser-tags '(Genre Albumartist|Composer|Performer Album|Playlist))))
+#+END_SRC
+* Programming
+** flycheck
+
+On-the-fly error checking in programming modes?  Yes please.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package flycheck
+  :diminish " ✓"
+  :defer 5
+  :config (progn
+            (global-flycheck-mode)
+            (setq flycheck-check-syntax-automatically '(save new-line mode-enabled))
+            (if (executable-find "eslint_d")
+                (setq flycheck-javascript-eslint-executable (executable-find "eslint_d")))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** golang
+
+Go has a few packages to inter-operate with other emacs packages.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package company-go
+  :commands company-go
+  :config (progn
+            (setq company-go-show-annotation t))
+  :init (progn
+          (defun ap/company-go-setup ()
+            (set (make-local-variable 'company-backends)
+                 '(company-go)))
+          (add-hook 'go-mode-hook #'ap/company-go-setup)))
+
+(use-package go-eldoc
+  :commands go-eldoc-setup
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'go-mode-hook #'go-eldoc-setup)))
+
+(use-package go-projectile
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq go-projectile-switch-gopath 'maybe)))
+
+
+#+END_SRC
+
+** ggtags
+
+A nice completion backend for programming modes.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ggtags
+  :if (executable-find "gtags")
+  :commands turn-on-ggtags-mode
+  :functions (ggtags-navigation-mode-abort)
+  :config (progn
+            (bind-key "q" #'ggtags-navigation-mode-abort ggtags-navigation-mode-map))
+  :init (progn
+          (defun turn-on-ggtags-mode ()
+            (interactive)
+            (ggtags-mode 1))
+          (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook #'turn-on-ggtags-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** dumb-jump
+
+A "clever" way of implementing go-to-definition across languages: use
+a project-wide text search and apply heuristics to the results to
+guess a definition.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package dumb-jump
+  :bind (("M-g o" . dumb-jump-go-other-window)
+         ("M-g j" . dumb-jump-go)
+         ("M-g x" . dumb-jump-go-prefer-external)
+         ("M-g z" . dumb-jump-go-prefer-external-other-window))
+  :config (setq dumb-jump-selector 'ivy))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Lisps
+
+*** All
+
+Lisp modes don’t seem to have a common ancestor.  So I made a custom
+hook which I trigger in every lispy-mode.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(defcustom lisp-mode-common-hook nil
+  "Hook run when entering any Lisp mode."
+  :type 'hook
+  :group 'lisp)
+
+(defun ap/lisp-setup ()
+  (run-hooks 'lisp-mode-common-hook))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** Redshank
+
+Lisp syntax allows for really easy refactoring.  Redshank gives some
+operations that aren’t part of paredit, like extracting variables into
+let bindings.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package redshank
+  :diminish " Λ"
+  :after (paredit)
+  :config (progn
+            (add-hook 'lisp-mode-common-hook #'turn-on-redshank-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** Emacs Lisp
+
+Customise the modeline-display of =emacs-lisp-mode=.  Then make sure
+it runs the common lisp hooks.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook #'ap/lisp-setup)
+(add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook #'eldoc-mode)
+#+END_SRC
+
+Go-to function for elisp.  Except it works through the entire Emacs ecosystem.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package elisp-slime-nav
+  :commands elisp-slime-nav-mode
+  :diminish elisp-slime-nav-mode
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook #'elisp-slime-nav-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Interactive elisp
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ielm
+  :defer t
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (progn
+            (add-hook 'ielm-mode-hook (lambda ()
+                                        (run-hooks 'lisp-mode-common-hook)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** Scheme & Lisp
+
+I don’t work with these as often as I would like
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-hook 'scheme-mode-hook #'ap/lisp-setup)
+(add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook #'ap/lisp-setup)
+(defun set-common-lisp-indentation ()
+  (set (make-local-variable 'lisp-indent-function)
+       #'common-lisp-indent-function))
+(add-hook 'lisp-mode-hook #'set-common-lisp-indentation)
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** geiser
+
+A REPL thing for Scheme.  Hopefully I’ll get to use it more in the
+future.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package geiser
+  :commands (geiser-mode
+             geiser
+             run-geiser
+             run-racket))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** slime
+
+A REPL thing (and more) for Lisp.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package slime
+  :commands (slime)
+  :config (progn
+            (let ((ql-slime-helper (expand-file-name "~/quicklisp/slime-helper.el")))
+              (if (file-exists-p ql-slime-helper)
+                  (load ql-slime-helper))
+              (slime-setup))
+            (setq inferior-lisp-program (executable-find "sbcl"))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** Clojure
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package clojure-mode
+  :defer t
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'cider-repl-mode-hook (lambda () (highlight-changes-mode -1)))
+          (add-hook 'clojure-mode-hook #'ap/lisp-setup)))
+
+(use-package clj-refactor
+  :defer t
+  :functions (clj-refactor-mode cljr-add-keybindings-with-prefix)
+  :config (progn
+            (cljr-add-keybindings-with-prefix "C-c C-m"))
+  :init (progn
+          (defun turn-on-clj-refactor-mode ()
+            (clj-refactor-mode 1))
+          (add-hook 'clojure-mode-hook #'turn-on-clj-refactor-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** cider
+
+A REPL thing for Clojure
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package cider
+  :defer t
+  :config (progn
+            (setq nrepl-hide-special-buffers t)
+            (unbind-key "C-c C-f" cider-mode-map)
+            (add-hook 'cider-mode-hook #'eldoc-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Auto-compile
+
+Auto-compile emacs lisp when saving.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package auto-compile
+  :defer t
+  :init (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook #'auto-compile-on-save-mode))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** cc-mode
+
+Although I don’t use C or C++, setting up the mode is helpful because
+quite a few other modes are derived from it.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package cc-mode
+  :defer 5
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'c-mode-common-hook #'electric-indent-mode))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq c-default-style '((java-mode . "java")
+                                    (awk-mode . "awk")
+                                    (other . "k&r"))
+                  c-basic-offset 4)
+            (c-set-offset 'case-label '+)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** quickrun
+
+It’s nice to be able to quickly evaluate some code.  Although I don’t
+really seem to use it.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package quickrun
+  :bind (("C-c C-e" . quickrun)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Scala
+
+Let’s try using Scala.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package scala-mode
+  :pin melpa-stable)
+#+END_SRC
+
+And add ensime, an IDE-style environment.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ensime
+  :pin melpa-stable)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Web development
+
+*** js2-mode
+
+This mode is really great for editing Javascript.  It turns code into
+an AST internally, so it can work with it almost like a lisp.  I don’t
+think there’s anything as good as paredit/redshank for refactoring in
+it though
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package js2-mode
+  :mode (("\\.js\\'" . js2-mode)
+         ("\\.jsx\\'" . js2-jsx-mode))
+  :interpreter ("node" . js2-mode)
+  :functions js2-next-error
+  :config (progn
+            (define-key js2-mode-map [menu-bar Javascript] nil)
+            (defun js2--imenu-around (do-it name)
+              "Don't create a menu from js2-mode"
+              (if (and (not (string-equal name "IM-Javascript-IDE"))
+                       (fboundp #'do-it))
+                  (do-it name)))
+            (advice-add 'imenu-add-to-menubar :around #'js2--imenu-around)
+            (defun ap/js2-prev-error ()
+              (interactive)
+              (js2-next-error -1))
+            (bind-key "M-g M-n" #'js2-next-error js2-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-g M-p" #'ap/js2-prev-error js2-mode-map)
+            (setq js2-basic-offset 2
+                  js2-include-node-externs t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**** jade (not pug)
+
+Javascript with an inferior node.js process and a debugger?  Awesome.
+
+To debug with node, use version 6.9.1 or later of node and run it with
+~--inspect~ and, to break on the first line, ~--debug-brk~.
+
+For Chrom*, it needs to be launched with ~--remote-debugging-port=9222~
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package jade
+  :config (progn
+            (add-hook 'js2-mode-hook #'jade-interaction-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** coffee-mode
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package coffee-mode
+  :mode ("\\.coffee\\'" . coffee-mode)
+  :config (progn
+            (setq coffee-indent-like-python-mode t)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** tern
+
+Tern understands javascript.  It adds really clever documented
+completions, besides other IDE-like things.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package tern
+  :commands ap/enable-tern
+  :if (executable-find "tern")
+  :defer 5
+  :config (progn
+            (setq tern-command (list (executable-find "tern")))
+            (defun ap/enable-tern ()
+              (tern-mode 1))
+            (add-hook 'js2-mode-hook #'ap/enable-tern)
+            (add-hook 'web-mode-hook #'ap/enable-tern)))
+
+(with-eval-after-load 'tern
+  (use-package company-tern))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** json-mode
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package json-mode
+  :mode (("\\.json\\'" . json-mode)
+         ("\\.sailsrc\\'" . json-mode)
+         ("composer\\.lock\\'" . json-mode)
+         ("\\.tern-project\\'" . json-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** restclient
+
+Restclient is really nice.  It’s like a scratchpad for HTTP api
+calls.  Feels a bit like using =org-babel=.  I wonder if there’s an
+integration between the two yet.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package restclient
+  :mode ("\\.api\\'" . restclient-mode)
+  :config (progn
+            (defun imenu-restclient-sections ()
+              (setq imenu-prev-index-position-function nil)
+              (add-to-list 'imenu-generic-expression '("Services" "^## ?\\(.+\\)$" 1) t)
+              (add-to-list 'imenu-generic-expression '("Calls" "^# ?\\(.+\\)$" 1) t))
+            (add-hook 'restclient-mode-hook #'imenu-restclient-sections)))
+
+(use-package company-restclient
+  :after (company restclient)
+  :init (add-to-list 'company-backends #'company-restclient t))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** sgml-mode
+
+This is for HTML, since old versions of HTML were derived from SGML.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package sgml-mode
+  :defer t
+  :config (setq sgml-basic-offset 2))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** emmet-mode
+
+Emmet is really nice to write HTML quickly.  Especially with
+frameworks that require multiple nested elements to do anything useful.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package emmet-mode
+  :commands (emmet-mode)
+  :diminish (emmet-mode . " >")
+  :init (progn
+          (setq emmet-indentation 2)
+          (add-hook 'web-mode-hook #'emmet-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** web-mode
+
+This mode handles just about every templating language out ther, which
+is really nice, because it handles the HTML part the same way in all
+of them as well.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package web-mode
+  :mode (("/views/.*\\.php\\'" . web-mode)
+         ("\\.html\\'" . web-mode)
+         ("/templates/.*\\.php\\'" . web-mode)
+         ("\\.ejs\\'" . web-mode))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq web-mode-code-indent-offset 2
+                  web-mode-css-indent-offset 2
+                  web-mode-markup-indent-offset 2
+                  web-mode-style-padding 0
+                  web-mode-script-padding 0
+                  web-mode-comment-style 2
+                  web-mode-enable-auto-pairing nil
+                  web-mode-enable-auto-quoting nil)
+            (sp-local-pair '(web-mode) "<%" "%>")))
+#+END_SRC
+
+I derived a mode for twig, in order to use its =mode-hook=.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(define-derived-mode twig-mode web-mode "Twig")
+(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.html\\.twig\\'" . twig-mode))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Spelling
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ispell
+  :bind (("<f8>" . ispell-word))
+  :config (progn
+            (cond
+             ((executable-find "aspell") (setq ispell-program-name "aspell"
+                                               ispell-dictionary "british"
+                                               ispell-really-aspell t
+                                               ispell-really-hunspell nil))
+             ((executable-find "hunspell") (setq ispell-program-name "hunspell"
+                                                 ispell-really-aspell nil
+                                                 ispell-really-hunspell t)))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Scripting
+
+Make a shell-script buffer executable after saving it, if it has a shebang.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-hook 'after-save-hook
+          #'executable-make-buffer-file-executable-if-script-p)
+
+(use-package sh-script
+  :mode (("\\.zsh\\'" . shell-script-mode)
+         ("zshenv\\'" . shell-script-mode)
+         ("zshrc\\'"  . shell-script-mode))
+  :config (setq sh-shell-file "/usr/bin/env zsh"
+                sh-indentation 2
+                sh-basic-offset 2))
+#+END_SRC
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(add-hook 'shell-mode-hook 'ansi-color-for-comint-mode-on)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** eshell
+
+I should try to get into the habit of using this more.  It’s really
+nice, when I remember to use it.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package eshell
+  :bind ("C-c s" .  eshell)
+  :config (progn
+            (setq eshell-directory-name "~/.emacs.d/eshell"
+                  eshell-prompt-function (lambda ()
+                                           (concat
+                                            (eshell/pwd)
+                                            "\n$ ")))
+            (add-hook 'eshell-load-hook (lambda ()
+                                          (bind-key "C-c C-l" #'counsel-esh-history eshell-mode-map)))))
+
+(use-package em-smart
+  :ensure nil
+  :commands eshell-smart-initialize
+  :init (progn
+          (add-hook 'eshell-load-hook #'eshell-smart-initialize))
+  :config (progn
+            (setq eshell-where-to-jump 'begin
+                  eshell-review-quick-commands nil
+                  eshell-smart-space-goes-to-end t)))
+
+(autoload #'eshell/cd "em-dirs")
+(defun eshell-goto-current-dir (&optional arg)
+  (interactive "P")
+  (let ((dir default-directory))
+    (eshell arg)
+    (eshell/cd dir)))
+(bind-key "C-c S" #'eshell-goto-current-dir)
+
+
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** Shells
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package shell
+  :defer t
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (define-key shell-mode-map
+            (kbd "C-d") 'comint-delchar-or-eof-or-kill-buffer))
+
+(use-package comint
+  :defer t
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (bind-key "C-c C-l" #'counsel-shell-history comint-mode-map))
+
+(defun comint-delchar-or-eof-or-kill-buffer (arg)
+  (interactive "p")
+  (if (null (get-buffer-process (current-buffer)))
+      (kill-buffer)
+    (comint-delchar-or-maybe-eof arg)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+* Text editing
+
+Emacs has an editor within.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(put 'upcase-region 'disabled nil)
+(put 'downcase-region 'disabled nil)
+(setq sentence-end-double-space t
+      line-move-visual nil)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** align
+
+=Align= is a useful command to line things up, once given some rules.
+The most important one for me is JSON property alignment.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package align
+  :defer 10
+  :ensure nil
+  :config (progn
+            (add-to-list 'align-rules-list
+                         '(colon-key-value
+                           (regexp . ":\\(\\s-*\\)")
+                           (modes  . '(js2-mode))))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** Clipboard
+
+I like to use the clipboard more than the primary selection in X11.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(setq x-select-enable-clipboard t
+      save-interprogram-paste-before-kill t)
+(if (functionp 'x-cut-buffer-or-selection-value)
+    (setq interprogram-paste-function 'x-cut-buffer-or-selection-value))
+(when (boundp 'x-select-request-type)
+  (setq x-select-request-type '(UTF8_STRING COMPOUND_TEXT TEXT STRING)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** Copy formatted code
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(bind-key* "C-c w" (define-prefix-command 'copy-as-map))
+(use-package copy-as-format
+  :bind (("C-c C-w" . copy-as-format)
+         :map copy-as-map
+         ("b" . copy-as-format-bitbucket)
+         ("g" . copy-as-format-github)
+         ("h" . copy-as-format-hipchat)
+         ("w" . copy-as-format-html)
+         ("j" . copy-as-format-jira)
+         ("m" . copy-as-format-markdown)
+         ("s" . copy-as-format-slack)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+**
+
+** Selection
+
+I’m quite used to deleting text by selecting it and typing.  Emacs has
+a mode for that.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(delete-selection-mode t)
+#+END_SRC
+
+Sub-word movement is really nice for camel- and Pascal-case
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package subword
+  :diminish subword-mode
+  :init (global-subword-mode t))
+#+END_SRC
+
+I find that =zap-up-to-char= normally makes more sense to me than
+=zap-to-char=.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package misc
+  :ensure nil
+  :bind (("M-z" . zap-up-to-char)
+         ("M-Z" . zap-to-char)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+Expanding the region by semantic units was something I quite liked
+from Sublime Text.  As always, there’s a mode for that.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package expand-region
+  :bind ("C-M-SPC" . er/expand-region)
+  :config (setq expand-region-fast-keys-enabled nil))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** avy
+
+Avy is a really nice way to move around files, like ace-jump-mode, but
+somehow I prefer it.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package avy
+  :bind* (("M-g g" . avy-goto-line)
+          ("M-g M-g" . avy-goto-line)
+          ("C-|" . avy-goto-line)
+          ("M-r" . avy-goto-word-1)
+          ("C-c SPC" . avy-goto-char-timer))
+  :config (progn
+            (avy-setup-default)
+            (setq avy-all-windows nil
+                  avy-keys '(?a ?r ?s ?t ?d ?h ?n ?e ?i ?\;))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+*** ace-link
+
+Visit any link.  Despite the name, this works with avy.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package ace-link
+  :after avy
+  :config (progn
+            (ace-link-setup-default)
+            (with-eval-after-load "gnus"
+              (bind-key "M-o" #'ace-link-gnus gnus-summary-mode-map)
+              (bind-key "M-o" #'ace-link-gnus gnus-article-mode-map))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** goto-chg
+
+This is like popping the mark, only it filters to only change areas
+and doesn’t go back to the same place more than once.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package goto-chg
+  :bind ("C-c C-SPC" . goto-last-change))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** multiple-cursors
+
+I mentioned before that I’d used Sublime Text before.  Multiple
+cursors was one of my favourite features, so I was really happy when I
+saw that multiple-cursors was released for Emacs.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package multiple-cursors
+  :defer 1
+  :config (progn
+            (bind-key "C-." #'mc/mark-next-like-this)
+            (bind-key "C-," #'mc/mark-previous-like-this)
+            (bind-key "M-<f3>" #'mc/mark-all-like-this-dwim)
+            (bind-key "C-<f3>" #'mc/mark-more-like-this-extended)
+            (bind-key "C-S-L" #'mc/edit-lines)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** paredit
+
+Balanced parentheses in lisps are nice, but all the refactoring and
+movement commands are much more interesting.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package paredit
+  :diminish "()"
+  :config (progn
+            (add-hook 'lisp-mode-common-hook #'enable-paredit-mode)
+            (put #'paredit-forward-delete 'delete-selection 'supersede)
+            (put #'paredit-backward-delete 'delete-selection 'supersede)
+            (add-hook 'eval-expression-minibuffer-setup-hook #'enable-paredit-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** smartparens
+
+I like to use smartparens where paredit isn’t already useful.  Somehow
+I didn’t find smartparens’ implementation of paredit style to be as
+nice as the real version
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(eval-when-compile (require 'smartparens nil :noerror))
+(use-package smartparens-config
+  :ensure smartparens
+  :config (progn
+            (sp-use-smartparens-bindings)
+            (setq sp-highlight-pair-overlay nil)
+            (fset 'wrap-with-paren "\C-](") ;; `sp-select-next-thing-exchange'
+            (bind-key "C-(" #'wrap-with-paren smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "C-)" #'sp-forward-slurp-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-<backspace>" #'backward-kill-word smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-?" #'sp-convolute-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "C-M-t" #'sp-transpose-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-R" #'sp-raise-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-S" #'sp-splice-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "C-M-s" #'sp-split-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-J" #'sp-join-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-<up>" #'sp-splice-sexp-killing-backward smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "M-<down>" #'sp-splice-sexp-killing-forward smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "C-M-S-k" #'sp-kill-hybrid-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (bind-key "C-S-<right>" #'sp-slurp-hybrid-sexp smartparens-mode-map)
+            (sp-with-modes '(twig-mode)
+              (sp-local-pair "{%" "%}")
+              (sp-local-pair "{{" "}}"))
+            (show-smartparens-global-mode t)
+            (smartparens-global-strict-mode t)
+            (add-hook 'lisp-mode-common-hook #'turn-off-smartparens-mode)
+            (add-hook 'coffee-mode-hook #'turn-off-smartparens-mode)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** smart-scan
+
+Move between instances of a symbol
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package smartscan
+  :config (progn
+            (smartscan-mode 1)))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** move-text
+
+Transposing lines, made easier.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package move-text
+  :config (move-text-default-bindings))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** undo-tree
+
+Emacs’ default handling of undo is a bit confusing.  Undo-tree makes
+it much clearer.  It’s especially helpful for protoyping and refactoring.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package undo-tree
+  :config (progn
+            (global-undo-tree-mode)
+            ;; Keep region when undoing in region
+            (defadvice undo-tree-undo (around keep-region activate)
+              (if (use-region-p)
+                  (let ((m (set-marker (make-marker) (mark)))
+                        (p (set-marker (make-marker) (point))))
+                    ad-do-it
+                    (goto-char p)
+                    (set-mark m)
+                    (set-marker p nil)
+                    (set-marker m nil))
+                ad-do-it)))
+  :diminish undo-tree-mode)
+#+END_SRC
+
+** replace
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(with-eval-after-load "replace.el"
+  (setq case-replace nil))
+#+END_SRC
+
+** visual-regexp
+
+I don’t always remember exactly how Emacs’ regular expressions work,
+so this package is pretty useful because it highlights everything in
+the buffer for me.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package visual-regexp
+  :bind (("C-c r" . vr/replace)
+         ("C-c q" . vr/query-replace)
+         ("C-c m" . vc/mc-mark)))
+#+END_SRC
+* Tangling
+
+Taken from [[https://github.com/larstvei/dot-emacs/blob/master/init.org][larstvei/dot-emacs]].  I changed it so that it would work with
+my current dotfiles repository structure and work asynchronously,
+thanks to [[https://github.com/jwiegley/emacs-async][jwiegley/emacs-async]].
+
+We can use =C-c C-v t= to run =org-babel-tangle=, which extracts the
+code blocks from the current file into a source-specific file (in this
+case a =.el=-file).
+
+To avoid doing this each time a change is made we can add a function
+to the =after-save-hook= ensuring to always tangle and byte-compile
+the =org=-document after changes.
+
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(use-package async
+  :commands (async-start)
+  :defer 2)
+
+(defun tangle-if-init ()
+  "If the current buffer is 'init.org' the code-blocks are
+    tangled, and the tangled file is compiled."
+
+  (when (string-suffix-p "init.org" (buffer-file-name))
+    (tangle-init)))
+
+(defun tangle-init-sync ()
+  (interactive)
+  (message "Tangling init")
+  ;; Avoid running hooks when tangling.
+  (let ((prog-mode-hook nil)
+        (src  (expand-file-name "init.org" user-emacs-directory))
+        (dest (expand-file-name "init.el"  user-emacs-directory)))
+    (require 'ob-tangle)
+    (org-babel-tangle-file src dest)
+    (if (byte-compile-file dest)
+        (byte-compile-dest-file dest)
+      (with-current-buffer byte-compile-log-buffer
+        (buffer-string)))))
+
+(defun tangle-init ()
+  "Tangle init.org asynchronously."
+
+  (interactive)
+  (message "Tangling init")
+  (async-start
+   (symbol-function #'tangle-init-sync)
+   (lambda (result)
+     (message "Init tangling completed: %s" result))))
+#+END_SRC
+
+# Local Variables:
+# eval: (when (fboundp #'tangle-if-init) (add-hook 'after-save-hook #'tangle-if-init))
+# End:
+* End
+
+Start a server if possible.  A daemon is already a server.
+#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp
+(run-with-idle-timer 2 nil (lambda ()
+                             (unless (daemonp)
+                               (require 'server)
+                               (unless (server-running-p server-name)
+                                 (server-start)))))
+(setq gc-cons-threshold 800000
+      file-name-handler-alist file-name-handler-alist-backup)
+#+END_SRC